What did pedro cabral discover
Pedro-Alvaresh Cabral
| Portuguese navigator Country: Portugal |
Content:
- Biography of Pedro Alvares Cabral
- The leadership in the great discoveries shifted to Spain.
Biography of Pedro Alvares Cabral
Pedro Alvares Cabral (/) was born into a noble family that had long-standing ties to the Portuguese monarchy.
Pedro cabral explorer biography pdf Retrieved 30 October He immediately dispatched one of his ships to Portugal to report his discovery. In , the Brazilian Emperor—then on a trip to Europe—visited Cabral's gravesite and proposed an exhumation for scientific study, which was carried out in They were divided into countless rival tribes.By the age of 32, Cabral already held the title of "Advocate of His Majesty" and had been awarded the Order of Christ. In the spring of March 9, , Cabral set sail on his second voyage to India, commanding thirteen ships and one and a half thousand soldiers and sailors. Following Vasco da Gama's instructions, Cabral was supposed to head southwest to avoid the treacherous Guinean Gulf.
However, he deviated from this course and unexpectedly discovered Brazil.
Pedro cabral explorer biography Scant details have survived regarding the criteria used by the Portuguese government in its selection of Cabral as head of the India expedition. Cabral became the military chief, while far more experienced navigators were seconded to the expedition to aid him in naval matters. The fleet under the command of the 32—year-old Cabral departed from Lisbon on 9 March at noon. Diffie, Bailey W.It is unclear whether this discovery was the result of a fortunate accident or a secret plan. Cabral himself claimed that he was heading to India but was led slightly off course and ended up in South America.
This discovery was not entirely surprising, as even earlier navigators, such as Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama, understood that the most convenient route around Africa lay significantly to the west of its coast.
A glance at the map reveals the close proximity of the eastern point of South America to the Canary Islands and Cape Verde. Additionally, Cabral was accompanied by Bartolomeu Dias, who had extensive experience navigating African waters. Dias led the ships westward, avoiding the headwinds along the African coast.
The winds and currents in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean often pushed vessels to the west. Coupled with a storm, it is plausible that the Portuguese sailors were carried to the shores of Brazil. Furthermore, some researchers point to old Portuguese maps that suggest the Portuguese had some knowledge or suspicion of the existence of land in the approximate location of South America.
It is also known that the Portuguese kept their discoveries strictly secret since the time of Henry the Navigator.
Pedro cabral explorer biography wikipedia Foundations of the Portuguese empire, — He put two noble men and sixty soldiers in charge of a ship nau and ordered them to capture the elephants along with the ship of the Cochim merchant. The Portuguese sustained many casualties and their facilities were destroyed. The kings were persistent in their superstitions.Therefore, it is possible that Cabral intentionally set out to search for South America.
A few months before Cabral, the Spanish navigator Pinzon reached the Brazilian coast south of Cape Saint Augustine. However, Cabral was unaware of this. He immediately dispatched one of his ships to Portugal to report his discovery. The eastern tip of South America fell within the territory claimed by Portugal according to the Papal Bull and the Treaty of Tordesillas of According to the treaty, Spain had the right to explore and conquer new lands, uninhabited by Christians, to the west of a line drawn leagues (approximately 20 kilometers) west of Cape Verde.
This treaty marked the first attempt to divide the world between European powers.
Cabral's and Pinzon's discoveries, made just a few months apart, sparked rivalries between Spain and Portugal and led to years of hostility and wars in South America.
Pedro cabral route He spent his remaining years there. Fleet commander-in-chief [ edit ]. New York: Routledge. Kurup, K.As Cabral's goal was to replicate Vasco da Gama's voyage to India, he departed South America after ten days, naming the newly found land the Island of the True Cross, and headed towards the Cape of Good Hope.
During the circumnavigation of the Cape of Good Hope, a terrible storm arose, causing four ships to sink, and the brave sailor Bartolomeu Dias perished.
The surviving ships continued to India, where Cabral engaged in trade. However, the greed and exactions of the Portuguese aroused the animosity of the inhabitants of Calicut. One dispute resulted in a massacre, with approximately fifty Portuguese being killed. Cabral retaliated by bombarding the city. Subsequently, he had to set sail with his fleet and continued trading in other Indian cities.
He returned with a cargo of gold and spices in
King Manuel did not forgive Cabral for the loss of men and ships, and he earned a reputation as an unlucky captain. The kings were persistent in their superstitions.
Upon his return to Portugal, Cabral was removed from his duties and, until his death in , he no longer undertook frequent voyages. He spent the rest of his life in seclusion in his estate in the Beja Beixas province.
In , Brazilian historian Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen identified his tomb.
In , Brazil and Portugal celebrated the th anniversary of Cabral's birth.
Monuments were erected in his honor in Lisbon and Rio de Janeiro, recognizing his discovery, which bestowed upon Portugal one of the most valuable gems in its crown.
Cabral and the viceroys of India, the creators of the Portuguese colonial empire, d'Almeida and d'Albuquerque, are the last prominent names among Portuguese navigators.
The leadership in the great discoveries shifted to Spain.
*King Manuel renamed the discovered lands as the Island of the Holy Cross.
However, soon after, the country was named Brazil after the brazilwood found there.