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Governor of Arkansas from to

Jim Guy Tucker
Congressional Pictorial Directory portrait,
In office December 12, &#;– July 15,
Lieutenant	None (–) Mike Huckabee (–)
Preceded by	Bill Clinton
Succeeded by	Mike Huckabee
In office January 15, &#;– December 12,
Governor	Bill Clinton
Preceded by	Winston Bryant
Succeeded by	Mike Huckabee ()
In office January 3, &#;– January 3,
Preceded by	Wilbur Mills
Succeeded by	Ed Bethune
In office January 9, &#;– January 3,
Governor	Dale Bumpers David Pryor
Preceded by	Ray Thornton
Succeeded by	Bill Clinton
In office –
In office –
Born	James Guy Tucker Jr. () June 13, (age&#;81) Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Betty Allen (m. )
Residence	Little Rock, Arkansas
Education	Harvard University (AB) University of Arkansas (JD)
Allegiance	&#;United States
Branch	Marine Corps Reserve
Years&#;of service	[a]
Rank	Candidate
Unit	Officer Candidates School

James Guy Tucker Jr. (born June 13, ) is an American former politician, businessman, and attorney who served as the 43rd governor of Arkansas from until his resignation in after his conviction for fraud during the Whitewater affair.

A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 15th lieutenant governor, state attorney general, and as a U.S. representative.

Early life

Tucker was born in Oklahoma City and moved to Arkansas before school age. He attended public schools in Little Rock,^[1] graduating from Hall High School in ^[2] He had his first taste of politics when he ran for and was elected vice-president of Key Club International (the largest and oldest high school service organization in the United States).

He served in that organization from to He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Harvard University in

Early career

Tucker served in the United States Marine Corps Reserve in , but was discharged for medical reasons (chronic ulcers) after finishing the first phase of his officer candidate training class at Camp Upshur at Marine Corps Base Quantico in Quantico, Virginia.

In early , Tucker found passage to southeast Asia by tramp steamer from San Francisco and entered South Vietnam as an accredited freelance war correspondent.

With one brief sojourn home, he remained in the war zone through , personally participating in a number of engagements. Late that year, he published Arkansas Men at War, a compendium of interviews with troops from the state he had followed into combat.^[3] The book received generally favorable reviews.

Following a brief stint as an assistant professor of American history at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon, Tucker returned to the University of Arkansas Law School in as a second-year student, graduated, and was admitted to the bar that same year.

Law career

Tucker practiced as a junior associate with the Rose Law Firm, from which he ran for prosecuting attorney in He served as prosecutor for the Sixth Judicial District of Arkansas – In that office, he oversaw the prosecution of more than 1, backlogged felony cases inherited from previous administrations. He won convictions in several cases considered by local observers as "impossible" successfully to prosecute, including one kidnapping.

Twelve "guest" judges were temporarily reassigned from other circuits by the state supreme court at Tucker's request to clear the docket. He was appointed by the Governor to the Arkansas Criminal Code Revision Commission and served from to , during which time he was credited with spearheading the group's broad revision of the state's criminal laws.

Sarah huckabee sanders views: Overview Entries Arkansas Overview. Clinton failed to work out a compromise with moderate Republicans who wanted an expanded insurance system, and the initiative died. Tucker practiced as a junior associate with the Rose Law Firm , from which he ran for prosecuting attorney in He was sworn in as governor in January at the age of thirty-two.

An investigation into police corruption he began was stymied by a county grand jury appointed by a circuit judge who was a political ally of the chief of police. However, the following year, a federal grand jury, building on Tucker's work, issued a scathing report which led to a shake-up of the department and the resignation of the chief, senior detectives and complicit city officials.

Political career

Tucker was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention and was elected Arkansas Attorney General in November at the age of He easily defeated the Republican nominee Edwin Bethune, then of Searcy in White County, and later Tucker's successor as U.S. Representative from the Little Rock–based Arkansas's 2nd congressional district.

Tucker served two 2-year terms as attorney general, – He and the state's chief justice served as co-chairmen of the Arkansas Criminal Code Revision Commission. This was the first effort at codification of the state's criminal code and was adopted by the State's General Assembly.

Tucker argued before appellate courts that his plea and his conviction should be voided because the prosecutor had pursued him under a non-existent law. This field is hidden when viewing the form. None of those investigations produced evidence of illegal activities, although the Housing and Urban Development secretary admitted that he had not been completely truthful about payments to the mistress. Still, he left office in enjoying high popularity.

Tucker also began intervening in utility rate cases before the Arkansas Public Service Commission and fought to require "scrubbers" on a large coal-fired generation plant. He served as co-chairman of the Consumer Protection Committee of the National Association of Attorneys General. Running from his post as attorney general, Tucker was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-fifth Congress and served one term, January 3, – January 3, He served on the Ways & Means Committee, on the Sub-Committee on Social Security, and on a special committee on welfare reform.

He relinquished the seat to wage an unsuccessful campaign for the United States Senate in He was defeated in the Democratic primary by the sitting governor, David Pryor. In the same election, Bill Clinton, who had replaced Tucker in as attorney general, was elected governor.

In , President Jimmy Carter appointed Tucker the chairman of the White House Conference on Families, in which capacity he served until the end of the administration in January ^[4]

Tucker resumed his law practice.

A consistent intra-party rival of Clinton, he was defeated by Clinton when both sought the Democratic nomination for governor in following Clinton's defeat by Republican Frank White in He then became a partner in the firm of Mitchell, Williams, Selig & Tucker and served as lead trial counsel in complex litigation. Eight years later, Tucker announced his intention to run for the governor's office again against Clinton, who was seeking a fifth term and was expected to seek the Democratic nomination for president.

However, he withdrew from the gubernatorial primary and ran instead for the post of lieutenant governor.

Tucker recognized that Clinton had his eyes on the presidency and might not serve a full term. Tucker, in accordance with a state constitutional provision barring a governor from executing duties while traveling outside of the state, served as acting governor on a near-constant basis between Clinton's campaign launch during the summer of and the election in November , relinquishing gubernatorial powers and duties only on the few occasions when Clinton returned to the state, such as to oversee the execution of Ricky Ray Rector.

Tucker succeeded to the governorship upon Clinton's resignation on December 12, , following the latter's election to the presidency.^[5]

Tucker called a special session of the General Assembly that same week to solve a financial crisis for the state's Medicaid system. At his urging, the legislature adopted a soft drink tax, proceeds of which were placed in a trust account for Medicaid matching purposes.

The soft drink industry obtained sufficient signatures to attempt a repeal. The soft drink tax prevailed with over 60% of the vote. Tucker won election in with over 59% of the vote against Republican Sheffield Nelson to a four-year term as governor and was sworn into a full four-year term on January 10, ^[6]

Conviction and resignation

Tucker was convicted of one count of conspiracy and one count of mail fraud on May 28, , as part of Kenneth Starr's investigation of the Whitewater scandal.

Tucker was tried with fellow defendants James B. McDougal and his wife Susan McDougal. The prosecution was conducted primarily by OIC prosecutor Ray Jahn. Tucker chose not to testify in his own defense upon the advice of his attorney. Tucker received a lenient sentence of four years' probation and house detention in part because of his poor health.

He was placed on the Mayo Clinic liver transplant list in June ^[7]

Arkansas, like most other states, has a provision in its state constitution barring convicted felons from elective office. As a result, Tucker announced his intention to resign. As lieutenant governor, Mike Huckabee, a Republican, was preparing to be sworn in, Tucker announced he would delay his resignation^[8] until the trial court hearing on several grounds, including the post-trial discovery that a juror in his trial was married to a man whose cocaine possession conviction Tucker had twice refused to commute.

Furthermore, this juror was the niece of local activist Robert "Say" McIntosh, who had demonstrated against Tucker during the trial. He argued that his conviction was thus tainted, and that the Arkansas Constitution was vague about his status as a convicted felon until his post trial motions were ruled on. However, several hours later he did resign that same day, under the threat of impeachment by the legislature which had informally gathered to witness Huckabee's swearing in.^[8]

Business

Beginning in the early s, while practicing law, Tucker and his wife Betty began building cable television and pay per view systems in Central Arkansas, and later in the Dallas–Fort Worth corridor north of DFW Airport and in southern Florida.

In the early s, Tucker partnered with Insight Cable to purchase and expand cable television systems in London. That company later merged with others and was taken public in London. Beginning in the mids, Tucker and his wife, along with James Riady, established a cable television company in Indonesia. In , in the midst of an Indonesian financial and political crisis, the company almost went bankrupt.

Tucker traveled to Indonesia in January and with the Riady family created a new company called Kabelvision, and built and expanded systems in greater Jakarta ('Jabotabek'), in Surabaya, and in Bali.

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In , the company was merged into new company called AcrossAsia Multimedia Ltd. It was listed on the Global Emerging Markets (GEM) Exchange in Hong Kong that same year. With AcrossAsia Multimedia, they built what was then the largest cable TV and Internet infrastructure in Indonesia.

Health problems and later life

Beginning during his college years at Harvard, Tucker suffered from an autoimmune disease, later diagnosed as primary sclerosing cholangitis.

It created severe liver problems which seriously debilitated him and threatened his life (he had nearly died from gastrointestinal bleeding in , and had steadily worsened since). On Christmas Day , Tucker received a liver transplant at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.

In , Tucker donated the James Guy Tucker Jr. Papers, a collection of manuscripts and materials documenting his personal life and political career, to the University of Arkansas at Little Rock.^[9] The collection went on display and became open to the public in ^[10] A star in the Columba constellation was nicknamed after Tucker in the International Star Registry.^[11]

See also

References

Further reading